Part II Article 42 States Parties undertake the responsibility, by appropriate and positive means, to make adults and children generally aware of the principles and provisions of this Convention. 
  Article 43 1. In order to review the progress made by States parties in fulfilling their obligations under this Convention, a Committee on the Rights of the Child shall be established to perform the functions set out below.
  2. The Committee shall be composed of 10 experts of high moral character and recognized competence in the areas covered by this Convention. The members of the Committee shall be elected by the State party from among its nationals and shall serve in their personal capacity, taking into account the principle of equitable geographical distribution and the main legal system.
  3. Members of the Committee shall be elected by secret ballot from a list of candidates nominated by the State party. Each State Party may nominate one person from among its own nationals.
  4. The initial elections of the Committee shall be held no later than six months after the date of entry into force of this Convention and thereafter every two years. The Secretary-General of the United Nations should write to the State party at least four months before the date of the election to nominate candidates for his nomination within two months. The Secretary-General shall then prepare an alphabetical list of all persons nominated, indicating the States parties that have nominated them, and shall send them to the States parties to this Convention.
  5. Elections shall be held at a meeting of States parties convened by the Secretary-General at United Nations Headquarters. At such meetings, a quorum of two-thirds of the States Parties shall be elected as a member of the Committee with the largest number of votes and the absolute majority of the votes of the States Parties present and voting.
  6. Members of the Committee serve for a term of four years. Members shall be eligible for re-election if they are nominated again. The term of office of five members elected in the first election shall expire at the end of two years; the chairman of the meeting shall immediately select five members by lot after the first election.
  7. If a member of the Committee dies or resigns or declares that it is no longer capable of performing its duties for any other reason, the State Party nominating that member shall designate another expert from its nationals to replace the remaining term of office, subject to the approval of the Committee.
  8. The committee shall establish its own rules of procedure.
  9. The Committee shall elect its own officers for a term of two years.
  10. Committee meetings should normally be held at United Nations Headquarters or at any other convenient location determined by the Committee. The committee should normally meet once a year. The duration of the Committee shall be determined by the Meeting of States Parties to the Convention and reviewed as necessary, subject to the approval of the General Assembly.
  11. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall provide the necessary staff and facilities for the Committee to effectively perform its functions under this Convention.
  12. The members of a committee established under this Convention may receive remuneration from the funds of the United Nations upon approval by the General Assembly on conditions determined by the General Assembly.
  Article 44 1. States parties undertake to report to the Committee, through the Secretary-General of the United Nations, on the measures they have taken to realize the rights recognized in this Convention and the progress made in their enjoyment:
  (A) within two years after the entry into force of this Convention for the State Party concerned; (b) every five years thereafter.
  2. The report submitted under this article shall indicate any factors and difficulties that may affect the extent to which the obligations under this Convention are fulfilled. The report should also contain sufficient information to give the Committee a full picture of the implementation of this Convention in that country.
  3. If the State party has submitted a comprehensive initial report to the Committee, it is not necessary to repeat the basic information previously provided in subsequent reports submitted in accordance with paragraph 1 (2) of this article.
  4. The Committee may request further information from the State party on the implementation of this Convention.
  5. The Commission will submit a report on its activities to the General Assembly through the Economic and Social Council every two years.
  6. The State party will make its report available to the general public in its own country.
  Article 45 To promote the effective implementation of this Convention and encourage international cooperation in the areas covered by this Convention:
  (A) The specialized agencies, the United Nations Children's Fund and other United Nations agencies shall have the right to send representatives to review the implementation of the provisions of this Convention falling within their area of responsibility. The Committee may invite the specialized agencies, the United Nations Children's Fund and other relevant bodies as it may consider appropriate to provide expert advice on the implementation of this Convention in areas falling within their respective areas of responsibility. The Committee may invite the specialized agencies, UNICEF and other United Nations agencies to submit reports on the implementation of this Convention in areas falling within their scope of activity; (b) The Committee shall, when it may consider it appropriate, report to the specialized agencies, The Foundation and other relevant agencies forward any requests from States parties or indicate any reports requiring technical advice or assistance and any comments and suggestions made by the Committee on such requests or clarifications; (c) The Committee may recommend that the General Assembly request the Secretary-General to represent the Committee on child rights (D) The Committee may make recommendations and general recommendations based on the information received in accordance with Articles 44 and 45 of this Convention. Such proposals and general recommendations shall be transmitted to any State Party concerned and reported to the General Assembly, together with any comments made by the State party.

 Part III Article 46 This Convention shall be open for signature by all States.
  Article 47 This Convention is subject to ratification. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
  Article 48 This Convention shall be open to accession by all States. The instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
  Article 49 1. This Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
  2. This Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession for those States that have ratified or acceded to it after the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession.
  Article 50 1. Any State Party may propose an amendment and submit it to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Secretary-General shall immediately notify the States parties of the proposed amendment and ask them to indicate whether they favour a conference of States parties to consider the proposal and vote on it. The Secretary-General shall convene a meeting under the auspices of the United Nations if at least one third of the States Parties agree to such a meeting within four months of the date on which such notifications are found. Any amendment adopted by a majority of the States Parties present and voting shall be submitted to the General Assembly for approval.
  2. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article shall enter into force when it has been approved by the General Assembly and accepted by a two-thirds majority of the States parties.
  3. Once an amendment has entered into force, it shall be binding on those States Parties that have accepted it, and other States Parties shall remain bound by the provisions of this Convention and any earlier amendments that they have accepted.
  Article 51 1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall receive reservations formulated by States at the time of ratification or accession and shall circulate them to all States.
  2. Reservations whose content is incompatible with the object and purpose of this Convention shall not be formulated.
  3. A State Party may at any time submit a notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations requesting the withdrawal of a reservation, and he shall inform all States of this fact. The notification will take effect on the day the Secretary-General receives it.
  Article 52 States Parties may notify the Secretary-General of the United Nations in writing of their withdrawal from this Convention. The denunciation shall take effect one year after the date of receipt of the notice by the Secretary-General.
  Article 53 designates the Secretary-General of the United Nations as the depositary of this Convention.
  Article 54 The Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of this Convention shall be equally authentic and shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
  Plenipotentiaries, duly authorized by their respective governments, have signed this Convention for certification.


  The Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the United Nations in 1989, is the most widely recognized international convention in history. The Convention on the Rights of the Child sets out the basic human rights that should be accorded to all children: the right to survival; the right to full development of all their physical and intellectual abilities; the right to protect them from harm to their development; and the right to participate in family, cultural and social life . The Convention on the Rights of the Child protects these rights by establishing the minimum standards that governments must meet to provide health care, education, legal and social services to their children. The Chinese government ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1992, and worked with various people's groups, international organizations, the news media, and individuals to transform the obligations under this Convention from a declaration of pure intent into an improvement of the lives of all Chinese children Specific action plan.