The National Two Conferences are being held in full swing in 2016. The following is a proposal by the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former Minister of the All-China Women's Federation Organization Department to include child-friendly communities in the assessment of the responsibility of local governments. Let's take a look!

  Community governance innovation, practice family supply side

  Overview

  A fair and just distribution of social and economic resources must be based on maximizing the interests of the weakest. As a low-level group among many disadvantaged groups, children have an incomparable advantage in theory and morality. This is also the "children's best interests principle "in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child as the theoretical basis for formulating public policies, and has become the world's Axioms recognized by almost all countries. As a State party to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, China has made a number of areas including child welfare, child health, and child education through the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Health and Family Planning Commission, the National Women's Federation and the Office of the Women and Children Working Committee of the State Council. Many efforts have been made, but still face many difficulties, especially the extremely lack of effective and feasible public policies in the field of healthy growth of preschool children.

The sustainable development of a society must be centred on the well-being of children. Although community governance has been in full swing in various places, most of the projects are focused on the theme of elderly care. Public services for children, especially infants and young children, are extremely lacking. At the same time, the uneven commercial early education market lacks supervision. Li Wei and Li Gui Hundreds of thousands of children are in urgent need of help, no matter whether they are urban or rural. At the same time, since 2015, the central government proposed supply-side reforms, starting from the production side and supply, and promoting the economic and social development of the country through institutional and institutional innovation. One stone provoked thousands of waves and aroused widespread concern and reflection from all walks of life. A "child-friendly community" that can solve social problems and realize economic value has emerged as the times require.

  (B) from a social perspective

  Global discussions on child well-being have entered the stage of interdisciplinary dialogue. When confronted with various issues of child health and well-being, the various disciplines have interdependence and interrelationships. Such discussions are not just for abnormal or impoverished children, including children in cities. In a way, children in the city are even worse off. Expensive land costs neglect services that do not directly generate economic value. In the reinforced concrete jungle, public space for children to play freely is very limited. In addition, children in cities also face food health, traffic safety, and social adaptation. Capabilities and many other threats. This has become a concern and concern of the whole society.

  Children, especially 0-3 infants and their ancestors, become the daily main population in urban communities. Chinese society is mostly a dual-worker family. Children can only be supervised by grandparents, grandparents, or nannies. They often encounter high education, high income, Highly literate parents with babbling children who speak a foreign language, such a family nurturing environment naturally can not talk about the child's good living habits and character literacy. Some parents simply take their children's arrangements seriously and send them to various early education institutions every day, but can commercial early education for profit be able to solve the problem? The early development of infants and young children needs a safe family environment and public places for social occasions. Environment, indoor and outdoor spaces that can be played freely, the inclusive community children's public service system can achieve this wonderful ultimate goal, and benefit every family a nd every child in every community. Social support or obstacles determine the extent to which children can become themselves and become the backbone of the future.

  The "China Children's Development Outline" states, "Proactively develop a comprehensive non-profit inclusive child development guidance agency. More than 90% of urban and rural communities build 1 to provide children and their families with games, entertainment, education, health, psychosocial support and Children's home for services such as referrals "." Strengthening the services of children in urban and rural communities. Establish a community-based operation mechanism for child protection, fully tap and rationally utilize community resources, and mobilize institutions such as schools, kindergartens , hospitals, social groups, and volunteers to participate in child protection. Integrate community resources to build children's activity places, allocate full-time and part-time staff, improve operational capabilities, and provide services for children and their families. "

  To implement the outline, the well-being of children must be the center of community governance structure, professional consensus of social work organizations, and community public affairs. A breakdown of the millions of street community service centers (stations) across the country will inevitably include spaces and services around home care for the elderly, but they are not necessarily equipped with the function of providing inclusive children's public services. The real users of more than 700,000 children's homes across the country are not necessarily all children. Limited by objective factors such as capital, manpower, and space, and lack of standardized social child service ideas and methods, many children's homes are only listed, and game equipment is only displayed, and some communities will use space for renting children's homes. For commercial organizations, the nature of the venue has been completely changed. In fact, many local governments do not realize that children are th e center of community vitality, the community with the most children, and the community with the most adults. Children can act as a catalyst for social interaction in the community and help form strong neighborhoods. The more children's service space in the community, the more opportunities for children (and adults) to contact other children (and adults), and therefore the higher the level of publicity or social capital, it is a positive social resource and shows trust, Reciprocity, shared value, and the existence of a strong social network are manifestations of positive energy.

  Looking at this world from the perspective of children, we can greatly improve the quality of life for all people.

  This is evidenced by the large number of community-based inclusive children's public services data. Take the "Yifu Future Community Children's Sports Hall" project as an example, initiated by Beijing Yongzhen Public Welfare Foundation and supported by China Children and Teenagers' Fund. It covers 50 communities and 30,000 families in 23 cities across the country. It is currently the most influential country in China. The largest community standardized children's public service brand project. After five years of exploration, Emilion has brought inclusive children's public services to the community through "good health for the elderly and small children, and helped the community train mother curators and incubate community organizations. On weekdays, grandparents and children participated in the collective games of sports themes and traditional cultural themes organized by the curator and volunteers of Yifulai Mom. On the weekend, the curators and parents of Yifufu Mom organized large-sc ale fun activities in the community. Parents go out with the children and the elderly to get in touch with nature. Because it directly solves the problem of nowhere for parents' most troubled babies, and brings a healthy lifestyle to the family, billion futures are the most popular star projects in every community. It fully proves that through the child-centered inclusive public service, the vitality of the community can be mobilized to the greatest extent, and the construction of a happy family promotes a harmonious community. At the same time, data and cases from all over the country show that the more local governments support, the more and more community inclusive public services and the greater the number of volunteers. The establishment of a child-friendly community really advocates the good governance system of the local government and the exploration and practice of innovative models of social governance.

(III) Analysis from an economic perspective

  An ideal child-friendly community should be a place where children can play safely, walk to school, socialize with other children and adults, and observe and learn about other people's activities. Such communities often have relatively high housing prices, a relatively stable structure of residents, and relatively developed community public and commercial services. Because families with children are relatively concentrated, they can more effectively stimulate and drive peripheral consumption.

        Reemployment and re-employment of mothers are another contribution of child-friendly communities. Traditional community children's centers are managed and operated by neighborhood committee staff, women's federation workers, or post social workers purchased by women's federations, while innovative projects represented by the billion future community children's sports hall project fully mobilize the active participation of community moms and bring full-time moms Re-employment is docked with community children's public service projects. Community moms bring children while starting a business. Compared to young social workers, community mom curators are three high, with high stability, enthusiasm, and happiness! In the past five years, the number of volunteers who have joined Emilion to become full-time community mom curators has numbered. Hundreds, some capable and motivated mothers have built more than ten standardized billion-future child-friendly community service stations in the loca lity. If this model is promoted in more than 700,000 children's homes across the country, how many mothers can bring opportunities to grow up with their children, and how many communities can bring a more friendly and harmonious atmosphere.

  In addition, the lack of community activity space for preschool children, especially children aged 0-3, and the lack of parent education and community environment construction are not only just needed, but also serious social problems. At the same time, with the continuous innovation and maturity of the public welfare industry, social enterprises are sought after. While providing inclusive public services, they also carry out public welfare charges to address their own needs for survival and development. At the same time, the prosperity of the mother and infant market brought about by the opening of the second child makes it possible for the "social public services for children" to interface with the market.

  Finally, the health of community sports for the benefit of the elderly and the small is a powerful demonstration of supply-side reform. Mr. Cai Yuanpei said that "sports is the root of moral education", and the world-famous Eaton Public School adheres to the "sports first, learning second" mission. Nowadays, many children develop abnormally in physical strength and coordination ability, poor physical movement ability, increasingly serious behavioral defects, frequent accidents and injuries; due to lack of exercise, children and young children are generally overweight or underweight, and The adverse effects of wrong eating habits become more and more obvious with the increase of children's age; mental and health disorders such as delayed language development, behavioral abnormalities, and attention disorders are also common at different age stages. Many of these problems can be attributed to children's lack of exercise before school. The development of exercise habits is not only benefi cial to the physical and mental health of children, but also to the physical and mental health of adults in the family. The provision of community sports games is not only an innovative service supply, but also adds vitality to the community.

(IV) Specific recommendations

  1. Incorporate child-friendly communities into local government responsibility assessments as indicators of good governance

  2. Make children's public service one of the standard contents of community governance, and include it in the public procurement category of civil affairs and community construction together with the community pension board

  3. Encourage the development of sports and health community projects, donate social funds or invest in government supporting funds

  4. Encourage mothers to re-employ and re-enterprise, and support social incubation projects